Green and renewable energy refer to energy derived from sources that replenish faster than they are consumed, such as sunlight, wind and water. These energy sources are environmental friendly and emit minimal greenhouse gases, helping to combat climate change and reduce pollution. Unlike fossil fuels, renewable energy is sustainable and does not reduce the Earth's resources, contributing to improved public health and energy security. The use of green and renewable energy is essential for a cleaner and healthier planet.

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology involves capturing carbon dioxide emissions produced by industrial processes and power plants before they enter into the atmosphere. The captured CO2 is then transported through pipelines and injected deep underground into geological formations like depleted oil and gas reservoirs for long-term storage. This process helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Climate change causes serious threats to human health through increased heat waves, extreme weather events and disruption of food and water supply. It leads to higher risks of malnutrition and infectious diseases. Populations including children and elderly in developing regions are affected. The health impacts are expected to worsen unless actions are taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and strengthen healthcare resilience.

Global warming leads to rising temperatures that result in a wide range of effects on the environment and society. It causes melting glaciers and ice caps, which leads to sea level rise and threatening coastal communities. Increased heat also fuels more frequent and severe extreme weather events like hurricanes, heatwaves, droughts and wildfires. These changes disrupt ecosystems, reduce biodiversity and impact agriculture and food security. Economically, global warming increases damage to infrastructure and raises disaster-related costs. Overall, these effects pose serious risks to human health, safety, and livelihoods worldwide, making urgent climate action essential.

Environmental AI and Data Analytics involve using advanced artificial intelligence technologies and big data techniques to monitor, analyze and predict environmental conditions. AI processes vast datasets from sources like satellites, sensors and drones to track pollution levels, deforestation and climate changes in real time. This enables faster, more informed decision-making for conservation, resource management and disaster response. By integrating machine learning, predictive analytics  and geographic information systems (GIS), these technologies help enhance climate modeling, forecast extreme weather  and optimize sustainable resource use to address environmental challenges effectively.

Climate change impacts agriculture and food security by altering temperature, rainfall and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events. These changes can reduce crop yields, degrade soil quality and disrupt water availability, making it harder to produce sufficient food. Pest and disease outbreaks are also becoming more frequent, further threatening crops and livestock. Vulnerable regions, especially in tropical and developing countries face heightened risks of food shortages and increased prices, affecting the accessibility and affordability of nutritious food. Adaptation and sustainable management practices are crucial to safeguarding food security in the face of climate change.

Recycling, waste management, and the circular economy are interconnected approaches aimed at minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency. Recycling involves processing used materials to create new products, reducing the need for raw resources. Effective waste management ensures proper collection, sorting and treatment of waste to prevent environmental harm. The circular economy goes beyond recycling by promoting the design, use, and reuse of products. Together these practices support sustainability, reduce pollution and foster economic growth by creating new opportunities from waste.

Climate policy and International agreements play a crucial role in addressing the global climate crisis. It requires countries to set and regularly update emissions reduction targets, known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs), and enhance resilience to climate impacts. International efforts also focus on mobilizing climate finance to support developing nations in their transition to low-carbon economies. Despite progress, many countries’ commitments need stronger ambition to meet these goals.